Recent Solomon Associates GHG Activities
During the past several years, Solomon has seen a significant increase in the number of companies and countries requesting assistance in addressing a wide range of GHG and climate change-related issues.

Greenhouse Gas Downloads   Link UK DTI Selects Solomon for Phase II of ETS – GHG Allocation Dallas, TX – September 2006 – The United Kingdom (UK) Department of Trade and Industries (DTI) selected Solomon Associates (Solomon) to provide energy consumption assessments for new refining entrants for Phase II of the European Trading Scheme (ETS) as the basis for allocating GHG allowances. In June 2006, Solomon successfully completed an assessment for the first new UK refining entrant—the new catalytic cracking unit at Innovene’s Grangemouth Refinery. Solomon Completes EII™ Energy Consumption Factor Updates Dallas, TX – September 2006 – Solomon recently completed a comprehensive update of all standard energy consumption factors used in the calculation of Solomon’s Energy Intensity Index (EII™). EII continues to provide the global refining industry with energy efficiency assessments that are reflective of the current energy technology and practices employed by the industry, equipping refining managers and executives with the enhanced tools needed to set improvement targets for energy efficiency and GHG emission reductions. 2005 RIMS Conference GHG risk management road map presented at the 2005 Annual RIMS conference 1.1 MB Greenhouse Gas Emission Performance Measurement This paper helps reconcile issues related to measuring GHG emissions through the description of an objective and rigorous patent-pending equivalency factor methodology (Carbon Emissions Intensity - CEI) that normalizes scale, location, complexity, and other key differences in the various types of power generating units. 2008 ERTC Sustainable Refining Conference This presentation provides an overview of a proposed global benchmarking methodology for equitably allocating GHG allowances to refineries of varying size and complexity while satisfying the needs of simplicity and transparency associated with regulatory reporting requirements. The main feature of the methodology is the introduction of Solomon’s new Complexity-Weighted Barrels (CWBTM) that is used not only for allocating allowances, but also for assessing GHG intensity (efficiency), expressed as metric tons of GHG per CWBTM. 233KB

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Energy Efficiency as GHG Proxy
Solomon continues to receive numerous inquiries about using our Energy Intensity Index (EII™) as a key measurement and targeting system to improve energy efficiency. These inquiries are often the result of voluntary or Kyoto-related GHG reduction programs.
For example, Solomon has been actively engaged by several refining and petrochemical companies worldwide to assist in developing GHG reduction initiatives in response to the Kyoto Protocol, often leading to ratified covenants between these companies and their corresponding governing authorities. Solomon has supported the development of such covenants in several Northwest European countries and in New Zealand.
In each of these cases, the resulting covenants have leveraged Solomon's expertise in energy analysis and performance improvement benchmarking, which is supported by our extensive worldwide refining and petrochemical database. The outcome for each company was a set of meaningful energy efficiency performance targets to support the ultimate desired GHG reduction.

Energy Industry Organization Activities
More recent major activities include Solomon's work with the American Petroleum Institute (API) in 2003, which resulted in the API's adoption of Solomon's EII™ as the refining industry energy efficiency standard. Each API member company has established 2012 EII™ targets for its refineries to meet the industry commitment to a 10% energy efficiency improvement during a 10-year period.
Solomon has also worked extensively with refining companies in Canada to establish an equitable methodology for allocating GHG permits (or allowances) in response to the Kyoto Protocol. The Canadian Petroleum Products Institute (CPPI) has been searching for an alternative to the simplistic approach (tons of GHG per barrel of input) initially proposed by the Canadian government. Solomon's proposed methodology takes into account processing complexity by establishing "standard" GHG emissions, based on correlations of industry average performance, for each point source of GHG generated inside the refinery. GHG allowances/permits can be allocated based on an individual plant's percentage of the total standard GHG emissions for all plants. The Canadian refining industry is considering this methodology, since it is a more equitable means for allocating GHG permits than the Canadian government's proposed simplistic measures.
We have also responded to a number of other inquiries into our global GHG products and services, including inquiries from the Petroleum Association in Japan (PAJ), the European Petroleum Industries Association (EUROPIA), Conservation of Clean Air and Water in Europe (CONCAWE), and the US Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Energy Star Program.

GHG-Related Conferences
Solomon continues to receive requests to present GHG benchmarking papers at upcoming key industry conferences, including the Risk and Insurance Management Society (RIMS) Conference and the Global Petrochemicals Conference, both of which will be held in Spring 2005, and the Canadian Energy Association Conference, which will be held in Fall 2005. Solomon executives also presented papers at the Risk Managers' Advisory Panel in 2004 and the European Ethylene Producer's Conference in 2003.

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